Portable oven.



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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APB..3, 1911.

1,020,174. Patented Mar.`12,1912.

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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APILB, 191i.

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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR.3, 1911.

Patented Mar. 12, 1912.

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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APB..3, 1911.

Patented Mar. 12, 1912.

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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APB..3, 1911.

Patented Mar.12,1912.

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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLIOATION FILED APRS, 1911,

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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR.3.1911.

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PORTABLE OVEN.

APPLICATION. FILED APB.3, 1911.

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CHARLES ANDR, OF LYON, FRANCE'.

PORTABLE OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led April 3, 1911.

Patented Mar. 12, 1912. Serial No. 618,714.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES ANDR, citi- Zen of the French Republic, residing at Lyon, in France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Portable Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a portable bakers oven adapted to be heated by the combustion of gas or combustible vapor and by radiation from a heated liquid.

Two embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of a simple construction of the oven. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof substantially on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front elevation and Fig. 4 a rear elevation of another form of construction of a gas heated oven of large capacity. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a cross section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are respectively sections on lines 7 7, 8 8 and 9 9 of Fig. 6, showing the interior structure of the various chambers of the oven. Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional detail view of a gas injector for use with the oven, and Fig. 11 is a section on the same scale as Fig. 10 of an element of the gas burner.

Referring to the construction represented in Figs. 1 and 2, A indicates a sheet metal casing inclosing a lining B of asbestos or other material which is a non-conductor of heat. The inner walls of the oven are formed by sheet metal partitions C separated from the asbestos lining B by a bed of sand D. At the lower part of the oven there is located in a cavity provided for the purpose a gas burner E having a row of oriiices or 'ets above which are disposed pipes F bent 1n the form of flattened rings which bear at their lower parts on the bottom of the oven and are supported at their upper parts by a flanged bar G itted into the end Walls of the furnace. The number and diameter of the pipes F may be varied according to requirements. The said pipes F are entirely or partially filled with a liquid such as oil, having a boiling point higher than the temperature intended to prevail in the oven. Above the tubes F is disposed an arch H of sheet metal or of bricks supported and connected by small angle irons H1. At their lower parts the tubes are covered by a sheet metal hearth I intended to receive the objects to be baked. The oven rests on a base J of brick work or metal, in which can be arranged drying chambers such as K; and further said base may support several similar ovens for installations of larger size.

It will be understood that when the burner E 1s lighted the jets not only heat the hearth `I in the usual manner but also the liquid contained in the tubes F. The heat is transmitted to the upper parts of said tubes which in their turn heat by radiation the articles placed on the hearth F. In the form of construction shown in Figs. 3 to 11 the oven comprises two identical superposed compartments surrounded by a heat insulating jacket formed of a layer D1 of sand inclosed within a sheet metal casing A1 containing asbestos B1. The whole is supported on a frame J1 of masonry supported on I beams in which is formed a drying chamber K1 closed at the front by doors k1.

Each oven is independently heated by use of two series of parallel gas supply pipes E1 each composed of two sections placed end to end and fed with gas as hereinafter described, through their outer extremity. The said pipes E1 are provided with T shaped burners e more particularly shown in Fig. 11 in the horizontal arms of which are the burner orifices e2. Above said burners heating tubes F1 are located which contain a liquid of high boiling point. The tubes F1 are arranged parallel with the T shaped burners, whlch heat them for a suficient length to assure rapid and intense heating thereof. The tubes are conveniently bent to completely surround the heating chamber C1 and are held at their upper parts by an angle bar G1 set in the roof H2 of said chamber. The hearth I1 above the lower run of the tubes F1 is built in such a manner as to prevent any direct communication between the combustion chamber E11 and the heating chamber C1. The gas for effecting the heating of the oven is supplied by a pipe L feeding the branch pipes L1 and d; the latter conductin the gas to injectors d1 located at the end o each pipe E1 at the two sides or ends of the oven.

The injectors which are clearly illustrated in detail in Fig. l0 each comprise a gas chamber d2 surmounted by a conical cap d1 which leads into the tube @Z1 at the level of a series of air inlet orifices d1. In

the chamber Z2 is a hollow member Z5 having a conical end which engages in the conical cap Z3 and is provided with slits Z6 to render same elastic and so that it can be forced more or less into said cap Z3 to produce a variable opening at the upper part. The gas passes into this member Z5 through orifices Z in its walls and is discharged through the upper orifice in a volume Vaccording to the diameter of said orifice which can be regulated by means of a screw Z7 acte ing on the base of the member Z5 by which the discharge end of the latter can be forced moreor less into the conical cap Z3. As aforesaid air enters through the orifices d4, the size of which can be regulated by a ring Z having orifices Z9 and adapted to more or less close the orifices Z4 so that the quantity and proportions of the combustible mixture supplied to each row of 'burners can be adjusted in an exact manner. The tube Zl is bent rectangularly at its upper end and is connected to the gas supply pipe E1 by any approved form of union E2. The pipes Z are provided with cocks Z10 whereby, one or more or any of the gas supply pipes E1 may be placed into or out of commission.

Air for combustion is conducted to each chamber E11 by lateral channels M having their inlets regulatable by means of dampers M1. The said channels are provided with branch pipes m which lead to the lower part and on each side of the chamber E11. The burned gases are exhausted through tubes n located at both sides and adjacent the top of the combustion chamj ber; said tubes n conducting the gases into collecting chambers N embedded in the lateral layer of sand D1 and in communication with uptakes O which carry away said gases. The vapors generated in the heating chambers during operation of the oven are exhausted through an uptake O1 in communication with the upper part of each of said chambers and disposed in the wall of the oven to the rear thereof. Each of the combustion chambers E11 is provided with an igniting jet R at each end of the burners for igniting same and burners S are provided having jets which are automatically ignited when the burners R are closed and lowered when they are opened. The jets S and R are fed with gas by a pipe T supplied from a small meter separate to that which supplies the large pipe L so as to prevent any accident which might result from improper manipulation of the cocks. The ignition jets can be ykept constantly alight even during the night which prevents any accumulation of gas in the oven. A pyrometer U disposed on the outside of each oven is provided to indicate the temperature within such oven. Above the ovens and more -especially the upper one, a water circulation coil tube V can be located, in order thatheat may be utilized for providing hot water for .various purposes incidental to the use of the oven, for example, for washing baking utensils or for mixing with the flour of which the dough is made so that the latter may rise more quickly. Vater introduced through the pipe W circulates in the lower coil and then rises to upper coil vthrough the pipe X whence it is led through pipe Y.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A portable oven comprising a sheet metal casing, a heating chamber formed within same, a plurality of independent closed liquid containing tubes extending across the floor of said chamber and up near the walls and roof thereof, a hearth within said chamber above the lower horizontal runs of tubes and dividing off' the lower part of said chamber to constitute a combustion chamber below separated from an oven ,M

charging gases of combustion from saidr combustion chamber comprising collecting chambers and uptake conduits disposed in the lining of the oven casing, a chamber in each of said uptakes and a valv in each of said last mentioned chambers to preventinlet of cold air thereto.

2. A portable oven comprising a sheet metal casing, a heating chamber formed within same, a plurality of independent closed liquid conta ining tubes extending across the floor of said chamber and up near the walls and roof thereof, a yhearth within said chamber above the lower horizontal runs of tubes and dividing off the lower part of said vchamber to constitute a combustion chamber below separated from an oven chamber above a plurality of burners disposed in said combustion chamber below the lower runs of tubes, means for supplying ,gas .to said burners, igniting jets for the burners, and independent means of supply for feedingsaid jets with gas.

'3. A portable oven comprising a sheet metal casing, a heating chamber formed within same, a plurality of independent closed liquid containing tubes extending across the floor of said chamber and up near the walls and roof thereof, a hearth within `said chamber above the lower horizontal from, the horizontal portions of which are parallel to the aforesaid tubes.

4. A portable oven comprising a sheet metal casing, a plurality of superposed heating chambers formed within said casing, a plurality of independent closed liquid containing tubes extending across the floor of said chamber and up near the walls and roof thereof, a hearth within said chamber above the lower horizontal runs of tubes and dividing off the lower part of said chamber to constitute a combustion chamber below separated from an oven chamber above, a plurality of burners disposed in each of said combustion spaces below the lower runs of tubes, means for supply of air to said combustion chambers comprising lateral conduits and branch pipes leading to opposite sides of said burners and controllable means for supplying fuel to said burners whereby the superposed heating and combustion chambers may be independently brought into and out of operation.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES ANDR. Witnesses:

JEAN GERMAIN, GUILLAUME Proel-IE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). C. 

